Method of reproducing electrical variations



PATEN TED JAN. 19, 1904.

P. G. HEWITT.. METHOD OF REPRODUGING ELECTRICAL VARIATIONS.

APPLICATION TILED MAY 16, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

SOURCE OF VARlRTlON rrrrr 7 1'0 r1114 whom it may concern}:

U ITED STATES Patented January 19 1904;

PATE T i Di ries,

PETER COOPER or NEWYQRK, YL, -Assieruos, BY MEsNE- ASSIGNMENTS, TO COOPERHEWITTELEGTRIO COMPANY, A COR-' PORATIQN on NEW YORK METHOD OF REPRODUCING" ELECTRICAL, VARIATIONS,

SPECIFICATION forming part tr Letters Patent N6. 749,792, datedJanuary 19, 1904.

Be it known that I, PE'rERCoorER HEWITT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Yprk, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methodsof Re.-

producing Electrical Variations, of which the following is a specification.

In certain Letters Patent of the United States-for instance, those issued to me on the 17th day of September, l90l-;-1 have. shown and described gas or vapor electric lamps in which the resistance of the lamp can be kept practically constant by a suitable construction of the lamps. '1 have found that the resistance of these lamps is subject to control by .other means than those setforth in the patents referred to and that the lamps may be used as a very sensitive means for varying the resistance of an electric circuit. For example,

produced by a magnet 01' solenoid upon an ape.

paratus of this general character whether the apparatus is designed to operate as a lamp or light-giving medium or is especiallydesigned as a means of varying the current in a circuit.

In other words, in applying the described ap paratus to the purposes of this invention I may so construct itas to make it capable of giving light, or 1 may prefer to inclose an appropriate gas or vapor ma containerso proportioned as to accomphsh the special results aimed at by this invention irrespective of whether the apparatus is then designed to pro-. duce light or not. In order to produce the'desired variations of resistance in the gas or va por apparatus, 1- generally locate the magnet or solenoid at the side of the apparatus, where 1t WlllfillSllOIl? the current passing betweenthe positive and the negative electrodes; it being found that the active current in an apparatus of due sort tends to be deflected by a magnetic field. The stronger the magnet the higher the electrical resistance of 'the apparatus.

Application filed May 16, 1902. Serial No. 107,602. (No model.) i

The present invention relates to means for applying this characteristic of my lamp or va por apparatus to the purpose of reproducing thevariations of'current in an electric circuit whether a wholly independent circuit or a branch of a divided circuit. Such applicaations of electrical resistance'which may be made to affect acircuit in which my vapor apparatus is included.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is adiagram illustratingan organization of cir-. cuits for carryingout-my invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate modifications.

. Referring to Fig.1, lrepresents a source of electric currents of any desired character connected in the circuit 3, which is provided with any suitable means 4. for varying the magnetic effects in a magnet 5. The magnet 5 is so placed with reference to a chamber 6, containing a conducting gas or vapor, which in turn is connected in'a circuit 7, provided-with any suitable source 8 of electric currents. The

variations in the flow of current through the,

circuit 7 may be caused to act upon a receiving device 9 of any desired character. The means forvarying the magnetic effects 1n the magnet 5 may, for example, be a telephonetransmitter, and the receiving device 9 may be a telephone-receiver. The gas or vapor within the tube or pontainer is of any appropriate character, as more fully set forth in my patents hereinbefore referred to, and the negative electrode 10 may be of mercury or of any other suitable means for receiving the current from the gasor vapor and likewise the posi lar relation to the chamber 6 may be variously modified. In Fig. 1 I have represented the magnet with its core in a plane parallel with \the chamber 6. In Fig'. 2 it is illustrated as having one pole directed in a plane perpendicularto the chamber 6, andin Fig. 3-1 have shown the core as being prolonged, so as to partially or wholly embrace the chamber.

thereby tending to direct the lines of force transversely through the gas or vaporjhut the constructions and positions of the magnet may he variously inodilied. the object being to cause the lines of force to pass into the vaporpath. i

It is possihle by means of my invention to produce in thesccondary or receiving circuit electrical variations of greater magnitude than the original electrical variations of the primany or transmitting circuit. This ifs diie t0 the fact that agiven magnetic variation'niay ansca wider fluctuation of effective resistance in the gas or vapor than the fluctuations ot l'ctrical ei'iergy producing ,tlie.,.vai iation of the magnetic held of force. Aecoiidinglyby 'ein" ploying one of my lamps or vapor"apparatuses as described .1 may ii'iagn'ify the vibrations of the circuit not by inductive effects hut hy va- -l \'l ll '-tll() ohmic resistance of the circuit'in which the apparz'itus is included. l havementioned a'telephor ecircuit merely for purposes of illustration. i'lhe amplificalions due to changes in resistance-of my apparatus may he applied to other circuits'as wclhincluding circuits carrying currents of large quantity. -lt willfurther he understood that the application of my invention is not limited to cases where it desired to amplify the primary variations, hut is useful also where it is merely desired to reproduce them in the same or even less magnitude. cans for starting the flowof current through the apparatus are set forth in the patents hereinhefore referred to.

.1 claim as my inventionl. The method of reproducing current vai-iaiions in an electrical circuit. which consists May, A. 1)..

in transforming these variations into -a varying held of force. causing the said held of force to act magneti -all v upon an inclosed gas or vapor so as to produce variations of clcc-' trical resistance in another circuit.

2. The method of producing in a circuit containing an inclosed coi'iducting gas or vapor, variations of electrical, resistance corresponding to variations of current in another circuit, which consists in causing the variations'ot current in the second-named circutt to act magnetically upon thesa'id gas or vapor and thereby vary theelectrical resistance thereof and of the circuit.

The method of reproducing iii a translating device included in a circuit containing aiTinclosed gas or vapor path, eti'ecls corre- .sp'oniling to electrical variations in another circuit, which consists in converting said clec-' tricatvariations into magnetic variations, and causing such niagnetic variations to act upon an inclosed gas or vapor path, therehy produc ing variations in the currmit-tlow of the lirstn'anie'd circuit. 7

4. The method of reprialucing in a translating device included in a circuit containing an inclosed gas or vapor, efi'ects corresponding to variations of electrical resistance in another circuit, which consists in causingin the last-named circuit variations of current adapted to aflect the translatingdevice, converting these variations of current into magnetic variations, and causing such magnetic variations to act upon the inclosed gas or vapor.

Signed at New York, in the coi'int'y of ew York and State of New York, this 9th day of I PETER COOPER IllfiYlT'l.

' Witnesses: t

.\\'.\i. H. (facial. (l cono E l I. Saw )(l\' in: l i in ii. 

